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- ENDOCRINE RESEARCH
Maternal Plasma Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Status in Late Pregnancy Is Associated with Offspring Body Composition in Childhood
- R. J. Moon*,
- N. C. Harvey*,
- S. M. Robinson,
- G. Ntani,
- J. H. Davies,
- H. M. Inskip,
- K. M. Godfrey,
- E. M. Dennison,
- P. C. Calder,
- C. Cooper,
- the SWS Study Group
-Author Affiliations
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (R.J.M., N.C.H., S.M.R., G.N., H.M.I., K.M.G., E.M.D., C.C.), University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom; Pediatric Endocrinology (R.J.M., J.H.D.), University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (K.M.G., P.C.C., C.C.), University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom; and Human Health and Development Academic Unit (K.M.G., P.C.C.), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
- Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Professor Cyrus Cooper, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom. E-mail: cc@mrc.soton.ac.uk.
Abstract
Context: Maternal diet during pregnancy has been linked to offspring adiposity, but it is unclear whether maternal polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) status during pregnancy affects offspring body composition.
Objective: We investigated the associations between maternal plasma n-3 and n-6 PUFA status at 34 wk gestation and offspring body composition.
Design and Setting: A prospective United Kingdom population-based mother-offspring cohort, the Southampton Women's Survey (SWS), was studied.
Participants: A total of 12,583 nonpregnant women were recruited into the SWS, among whom 1987 delivered a baby before December 31, 2003; 293 mother-child pairs had complete measurements of maternal plasma PUFA concentrations in late pregnancy and offspring body composition at both ages 4 and 6 yr.
Main Outcomes Measured: We measured offspring body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, yielding fat mass, lean mass, percentage fat mass, and percentage lean mass. Results are presented as β-coefficients for standardized variables, therefore reflecting the SDchange of the outcome for every 1 SD of the predictor.
Results: After adjustment for maternal factors and child factors including height and duration of breast-feeding, maternal plasma n-6 PUFA concentration positively predicted offspring fat mass at 4 yr (β = 0.14 SD/SD; P = 0.01) and 6 yr (β = 0.11 SD/SD; P = 0.04), but there was no association with offspring lean mass at either age (β = 0.005 SD/SD, P = 0.89; and β = 0.008 SD/SD, P = 0.81, respectively). Maternal plasma n-3 PUFA concentration was not associated with offspring fat mass at 4 yr (β = 0.057 SD/SD; P = 0.34) or 6 yr (β = 0.069 SD/SD; P = 0.21). Maternal plasma n-3 PUFA status was positively associated with offspring lean mass on univariate analysis (4 yr, β = 0.11, P = 0.06; 6 yr, β = 0.14; P = 0.02); however, this was confounded by a positive association with offspring height.
Conclusions: This observational study suggests that maternal n-6 PUFA status during pregnancy might influence offspring adiposity in childhood.
http://jcem.endojournals.org/content/98/1/299.abstract
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