Don't forget to chew foods

Changes in postprandial hunger (A), fullness (B), desire to eat (C), and thirst (D) ratings during the slow and fast eating conditions in 35 normal-weight (NW) and 35 overweight/obese (OW/O) subjects. The values are means and standard deviations. There was no eating condition by weight status interaction effect for any of the appetite or thirst ratings as evaluated by a mixed-model repeated measures analysis. In both the NW and OW/O groups, there was a significant eating condition by time effect (P=0.001 or less) for hunger, fullness, desire to eat, and thirst. Hunger ratings (A) by eating condition were significantly different at 5 (P<0 .0001="" 10="" span="">P<0 .0001="" 15="" span="">P<0 .0001="" 60="" and="" span="">P=0.01) minutes in the NW group and at 5 (P<0 .0001="" 10="" span="">P<0 .0001="" 15="" span="">P=0.0001), 20 (P=0.003), and 60 (P=0.03) minutes in the OW/O group as assessed by least squares means. Fullness ratings (B) by eating condition were different at 5 (P<0 .0001="" 10="" span="">P<0 .0001="" 15="" span="">P<0 .0001="" 30="" span="">P=0.04), 45 (P=0.01), and 60 (P=0.02) minutes in the NW group and at 5 (P<0 .0001="" 10="" span="">P<0 .0001="" 15="" span="">P=0.0001), and 20 (P=0.003) minutes in the OW/O group. Desire to eat ratings (C) by eating condition were different at 5 (P<0 .0001="" 10="" span="">P<0 .0001="" 15="" and="" span="">P<0 .0001="" 5="" and="" at="" group="" in="" minutes="" nw="" span="" the="">P<0 .0001="" 10="" span="">P<0 .0001="" 15="" span="">P<0 .0001="" 20="" span="">P=0.0003), and 25 (P=0.04) minutes in the OW/O group. Thirst ratings (D) by eating condition were different at 10 (P=0.02), 45 (P=0.03), and 60 (P=0.04) minutes in the NW group at 10 minutes (P=0.008) in the OW/O group.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212267213016730#