"Le régime paléo décrédibilisé par la découverte de dents fossilisées?
A la mode depuis quelques années, le régime paléolithique veut mimer le mode de vie de nos lointains ancêtres. Mais de nouvelles recherches montrent que ceux-ci mangeaient bel et bien des céréales.
Manger comme un homme du paléolithique pour se sentir mieux: et si cela n'était qu'une illusion? L'acte de naissance du régime paléolithique est un article du Dr S. Boyd Eeaton paru en 1985 dans le New England Journal of Medecine. Le principe est d'imiter les habitudes nutritionnelles des hommes de la préhistoire. Il implique un choix restreint d'aliments et supprime notamment les légumes riches en amidon comme la pomme de terre, mais aussi et surtout les produits laitiers et les céréales.
Si l'objet ici n'est pas de juger des bienfaits ou non du "régime paléo" sur le plan nutritionnel, ni de ses bienfaits sur la santé, il s'agit de le confronter à une récente avancée de la paléoanthropologie. Ainsi, des scientifiques britanniques de Cambridge, Cardiff, UCL et York ont-ils étudié les dents de neuf individus vivants il y a 9.000 ans, au mésolithique tardif. Et la révélation est qu'ils mâchaient du blé et de l'orge.
Une mauvaise hygiène dentaire nous renseigne
Comment savons-nous qu'ils consommaient bel et bien des céréales? Par une analyse de la plaque dentaire des dentitions fossilisées retrouvées. Jusqu'alors, il était admis que les chasseurs-cueilleurs se nourrissaient principalement de protéines animales, avec un rôle très restreint des végétaux. La naissance de l'agriculture intervient au néolithique encore appelé nouvel âge de pierre (polissage des outils).
Cette découverte ne remet pas en cause les grandes lignes de la chronologie préhistorique. Mais les fragments céréaliers retrouvés sur les dents de spécimens vivant dans des régions reculées des Balkans, montrent que les chasseurs-cueilleurs avaient des liens beaucoup plus étendus que prévu avec les premiers groupes sédentaires.
Preuve supplémentaire, les chercheurs ont trouvé des perles de gastéropodes marins provenant des côtes grecques ou de l'Adriatique, soit à des centaines de kilomètres de la région d'origine des nos ancêtres. "
1/ Learn basic data before commenting
"The Paleolithic Era (or Old Stone Age) is a period of prehistory from about 2.6 million years ago to around 10000 years ago. The Neolithic Era (or New Stone Age) began around 10,000 BC and ended between 4500 and 2000 BC in various parts of the world. In the Paleolithic era, there were more than one human species but only one survived until the Neolithic era. Paleolithic humans lived a nomadic lifestyle in small groups. They used primitive stone tools and their survival depended heavily on their environment and climate. Neolithic humans discovered agriculture and animal husbandry, which allowed them to settle down in one area. The Mesolithic era followed the Paleolithic era but the period of the Paleolithic—Mesolithic boundary varies by geography by as much as several thousand years."
"The Paleolithic Era (or Old Stone Age) is a period of prehistory from about 2.6 million years ago to around 10000 years ago. The Neolithic Era (or New Stone Age) began around 10,000 BC and ended between 4500 and 2000 BC in various parts of the world. In the Paleolithic era, there were more than one human species but only one survived until the Neolithic era. Paleolithic humans lived a nomadic lifestyle in small groups. They used primitive stone tools and their survival depended heavily on their environment and climate. Neolithic humans discovered agriculture and animal husbandry, which allowed them to settle down in one area. The Mesolithic era followed the Paleolithic era but the period of the Paleolithic—Mesolithic boundary varies by geography by as much as several thousand years."
The paper cited in PNAS is about -9000 years BC, you can do the math.
Cristiani et al. 10.1073/pnas.1603477113
2/ Make good sense conclusions
Late mesolithic is an era which very near from neolithic era. And data about this discovery in central europe back this fact. Look at the tools they discovered by the way.
http://www.pnas.org/content/suppl/2016/08/25/1603477113.DCSupplemental/pnas.201603477SI.pdf
Let us quote what authors wrote:
"Fig. S3. Site plan of Lepenski Vir with the distribution of Early Neolithic Phase III burials."
"Fig. S9. Evidence of dietary and nondietary remains from Early Neolithic individuals from Lepenski Vir: (A) compound of starch grains with faceted morphology and perpendicular extinction cross embedded in dental calculus (32a); (B) compound of starch grains with faceted morphology and evident central fissure (32a); (C and D) fragments of feather downy barbules with triangular-shaped nodes typical of Anseriformes (C) and asymmetric short pronged nodes typical of Anatidae (D) (32a)."
Don't infer that they had bad dental hygiene.
It has never be proved that brushing teeth, toothpaste or mouthwash or flushing teeth do have a beneficial effect on teeth. On the other hand sugars and starch consumption are clearly deleterious and authors remind this with a pict!
3/ Read the paper itself not science's digest for dummies
"Significance The starch record entrapped in dental calculus of Mesolithic human teeth from the site of Vlasac in the central Balkans provides direct evidence that complex Late Mesolithic foragers of this region consumed domesticated cereal grains. Our results challenge the established view of the Neolithization in Europe that domestic cereals were introduced to the Balkans around ∼6200 calibrated (cal.) BC as a part of a “package” that also included domesticated animals and artifacts, which accompanied the arrival of Neolithic communities. We infer that Neolithic domesticated plants were transmitted independently from the rest of Neolithic novelties from ∼6600 cal. BC onwards, reaching inland foragers deep in the Balkan hinterland through established social networks that linked forager and farmer groups."
Eventually the significance of this paper is NOT about eating cereals during the paleo era but about the actual dates of using domesticated plants in the Danube region during the end of the mesolithic era and the beginning of the neolithic era in this region.
4/ as usual in France all the pseudo journalists write the same papers... The last one:
http://www.hominides.com/html/actualites/alimentation-mesolithique-neolithique-1072.php
Cristiani et al. 10.1073/pnas.1603477113
2/ Make good sense conclusions
Late mesolithic is an era which very near from neolithic era. And data about this discovery in central europe back this fact. Look at the tools they discovered by the way.
 |
| They found ground stones which are quite different from sharp silex used by paleo humans |
http://www.pnas.org/content/suppl/2016/08/25/1603477113.DCSupplemental/pnas.201603477SI.pdf
Let us quote what authors wrote:
"Fig. S3. Site plan of Lepenski Vir with the distribution of Early Neolithic Phase III burials."
"Fig. S9. Evidence of dietary and nondietary remains from Early Neolithic individuals from Lepenski Vir: (A) compound of starch grains with faceted morphology and perpendicular extinction cross embedded in dental calculus (32a); (B) compound of starch grains with faceted morphology and evident central fissure (32a); (C and D) fragments of feather downy barbules with triangular-shaped nodes typical of Anseriformes (C) and asymmetric short pronged nodes typical of Anatidae (D) (32a)."
Don't infer that they had bad dental hygiene.
It has never be proved that brushing teeth, toothpaste or mouthwash or flushing teeth do have a beneficial effect on teeth. On the other hand sugars and starch consumption are clearly deleterious and authors remind this with a pict!
3/ Read the paper itself not science's digest for dummies
"Significance The starch record entrapped in dental calculus of Mesolithic human teeth from the site of Vlasac in the central Balkans provides direct evidence that complex Late Mesolithic foragers of this region consumed domesticated cereal grains. Our results challenge the established view of the Neolithization in Europe that domestic cereals were introduced to the Balkans around ∼6200 calibrated (cal.) BC as a part of a “package” that also included domesticated animals and artifacts, which accompanied the arrival of Neolithic communities. We infer that Neolithic domesticated plants were transmitted independently from the rest of Neolithic novelties from ∼6600 cal. BC onwards, reaching inland foragers deep in the Balkan hinterland through established social networks that linked forager and farmer groups."
Eventually the significance of this paper is NOT about eating cereals during the paleo era but about the actual dates of using domesticated plants in the Danube region during the end of the mesolithic era and the beginning of the neolithic era in this region.
4/ as usual in France all the pseudo journalists write the same papers... The last one:
http://www.hominides.com/html/actualites/alimentation-mesolithique-neolithique-1072.php
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