Happy new year with Dysnutrition!

Thank you for your visit to Dysnutrition in the past year!
We will improve this blog in 2013!
Our step by step approach to optimal diet for the modern human being is only evidence based.
We appreciate your comments.

Obesity a turning point for humanity

http://www.economist.com/blogs/graphicdetail/2012/12/daily-chart-16

Home preparation with raw fresh ingredients is better: good sense about food!

"This study shows that neither recipes created by popular
television chefs nor ready meals produced by three leading UK
supermarket chains meet national or international nutritional
standards for a balanced diet. The recipes seemed to be less
healthy than the ready meals on several metrics. Maximum
nutritional benefit is likely to be derived from home cooking of
nutritionally balanced recipes primarily using raw ingredients,
rather than relying on ready meals or recipes by television chefs.
Further reformulation of ready meals in line with international
nutritional guidelines, and collaboration with television chefs
to improve the nutritional quality of their recipes, may also help
consumers to achieve a balanced diet."


http://www.bmj.com/content/345/bmj.e7607.pdf%2Bhtml

Hilarious!

A vast majority of foods linked to cancer according to published studies...
http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/early/2012/11/27/ajcn.112.047142.full.pdf+html

Easy to gain weight?

http://www.economist.com/news/special-report/21568061-why-it-easy-get-fat-and-hard-slim-down-cavemans-curse


"Animal experiments show that when rodents first consume a sugary food the brain releases dopamine, a chemical also involved in drug addiction. It signals pleasure and helps drive motivation. The more scrumptious the food, the more dopamine is produced. The same reaction is found in humans. But over time a glut of sugary foods seems to change the brain’s circuitry. Obese people become conditioned to getting excited by the sight of yummy food. Just a glance at a fried Oreo can trigger higher activity in the frontal cortex (linked to reward and motivation) of a fat person than it would in those of normal weight. At the same time fat people seem to have fewer dopamine receptors. This is a dangerous combination—they get more worked up by the prospect of junk food, but also get less pleasure from eating it. This may drive compulsive overeating. And as an individual gets fatter, levels of leptin, the fullness hormone, rise so much that the brain seems to stop responding to it. When he starts to lose weight, leptin levels drop and the brain signals that he is starving, even if he still has plenty of fat to spare."

It is what I simply detailed in a presentation named:
Is obesity a reward?

"Yet not everyone is obese. Studies of siblings and twins show that the propensity for getting fat is largely determined by genes. In the 1980s Rudolph Leibel of Columbia University and his colleagues were among the first to identify some genes that influence the way the brain regulates food intake. Since then genetic analyses have revealed many more genes involved in this process. Genetics does not guarantee that someone will get fat, says Philip James of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, nor does it explain the dramatic rise in the number of fat people in recent decades. But genes do help explain why, given similar conditions, some people are fatter than others."

In the debate of nature vs nurture keep this in mind... 

"“The evolutionary process has led to a gene pool that is designed to defend body weight against falling below a minimum,” Dr Leibel explains, “but not to defend against gain.”"

"All this biology, however, cannot explain one notable feature of the obesity epidemic. The rich and well-educated have mostly managed to stay slim, or at least have got less fat than the less well off. In America obesity rates in children with college-educated parents are less than half the rates of children whose parents lack a high-school degree. Marion Devaux and her colleagues at the OECD, a rich-country think-tank, found an inverse relationship between education levels and the likelihood of getting fat in Australia, Canada and England. The picture is slightly different in poor and middle-income countries, where the more affluent urbanites are usually the first to put on weight. As the economy develops, however, the poor become obese in disproportionately large numbers."

Sorry but I disagree you did not mention epigenetics. It is probable that the poor are more epigenetically oriented toward food consumption and storage by their own history it was the core of the thrifty gene hypothesis.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrifty_gene_hypothesis  

L'obésité tue plus que la famine...

À propos de trop manger, selon une étude de The Lancet, au cours des 20 dernières années, la mortalité due à la malnutrition a baissé de deux tiers dans les pays du sud (1 million de morts en 2010), tandis que la même année, dans l'ensemble des pays du nord, l'obésité a été responsable de 3,4 millions de morts.
En savoir plus sur http://www.atlantico.fr/decryptage/34-millions-nombre-morts-dus-obesite-en-2010-dans-pays-nord-happy-hour-timetosignoff-582886.html#7ov5TXPAx4zvrUC3.99 

Pamplemousse, grapefruit: Attention si vous prenez des médicaments

http://www.cmaj.ca/content/early/2012/11/26/cmaj.120951http://www.medpagetoday.com/primarycare/dietnutrition/36147

http://www.cmaj.ca/content/suppl/2012/11/26/cmaj.120951.DC1/grape-bailey-1-at.pdf

"For example, someone taking simvastatin (brand name Zocor) who also drinks a small 200-milliliter, or 6.7 ounces, glass of grapefruit juice once a day for three days could see blood levels of the drug triple, increasing the risk for rhabdomyolysis, a breakdown of muscle that can cause kidney damage."
http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/12/17/grapefruit-is-a-culprit-in-more-drug-reactions/?ref=healthupdate&nl=health&emc=edit_hh_20121218

Fructose

http://evolvinghealthscience.blogspot.com.es/2012/04/sugar-showdown-science-responds-to.html

La cerise de l'industrie du sucre: diabétogène mais écolo!

Une boisson faire d'eau et sucre et d'un peu de cerise! Avec tous les atouts de l'écologiquement correct!
Un tour de force de l'industrie du sucre chez le très bon vendeur ME Leclerc qui en a fait une marque repère que je vous invite a éviter!
Si comme je le recommande l'index glycérique et la charge glycérique étaient mentionnes sur les produits l'acheteur serait informé! La il est complètement trompé!

Le foie gras

Il est très difficile de trouver du foie gras sans sucre dextrose ou nitrites...
Il est tout a fait anormal que l'appellation foie gras soit autorisée pour ses produits additionnes de sucre!
Voilà un foie gras de chez Auchan sans additifs, je l'ai trouve après une recherche extensive de dix minutes au milieu de dizaines d'autres produits frelatés avec divers additifs! Et il est très goûteux!

Protein diets

https://docs.google.com/document/pub?id=1b-toCfAHOOBidk3WalMZDJxFRtVp5gmJyPOXPgFLOVU

Parents faites vos jeux

http://files-good.ibl.fr/childhood-obesity/

Gestion du stress et hypertension artérielle

http://cpr.sagepub.com/content/early/2012/11/21/2047487312469474.abstract

L'impossible régulation des allégations santé

 La machine bureaucratique de l'UE est en train d'accoucher d'une régulation gigantesque et couteuse, tout à fait contournable par ailleurs. Il n'y a aucune création de valeur de la part des firmes qui passent leur temps à contourner les règles et l'état européen dépense beaucoup d'argent public pour rien....




http://eur-lex.europa.eu/JOHtml.do?uri=OJ:L:2012:136:SOM:EN:HTML

Le bio est il meilleur?

http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/04/science/earth/study-questions-advantages-of-organic-meat-and-produce.html?_r=0

Science needs controversy!

http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/04/science/earth/study-questions-advantages-of-organic-meat-and-produce.html?_r=0

Un point de vue intéressant mais contestable sur les allégations santé de l'industrie agro-alimentaire

 En réalité quand on réfléchit à cette question il est naturel de laisser l'industrie alléguer ce qu'elle juge exact. En revanche il faut que l'état impose l'information complète, compréhensible,  lisible et non faussée des produits alimentaires. Composition exhaustive mais aussi Index Glycémique, Charge Glycémique, quantité de sel pour 100g etc...

Don't diet! Inform and educate





http://www.lepoint.fr/invites-du-point/didier_raoult/pourquoi-il-faut-en-finir-avec-les-allegations-sante-de-l-agroalimentaire-23-11-2012-1532898_445.php

Action collective et industrie agro-alimentaire

Amende pour Danone

Cette décision européenne est intervenue alors que Danone était menacé d'une condamnation aux États-Unis, au terme d'une action collective lancée par des consommateurs en 2008. La firme a préféré payer une amende de 43 millions de dollars et a abandonné ses prétentions médicales.
Quel est le mécanisme de régulation le plus efficace? L'état ou le consommateur?

http://ca.shine.yahoo.com/blogs/shine-on/danone-yogurt-fan-company-may-owe-50-class-161750918.html 

http://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=2a70714d-9801-4aea-b5cd-d94ce605713d

http://www.google.fr/url?url=http://www.rick-mitchell.com/articles/risk/classactnov07.pdf&rct=j&sa=U&ei=cEC6UIywNsnesga3lICIDA&ved=0CCQQFjAF&sig2=KnIQUmK4JamXb08iHZbNtQ&q=danone+class+action+european+union&usg=AFQjCNEcABfq8k2HGFFdMRSuJRofIdus5A

MovNat: paléo compatible 100%

http://www.lepoint.fr/villes/le-dernier-homme-prehistorique-08-11-2012-1530038_27.php

Free bargain: BMI > blood Cholesterol in CVD risk assesment

A great source of savings?
Perhaps but above all for patients because they can measure it, monitor it alone and for free...

http://www.medpagetoday.com/Cardiology/Dyslipidemia/35894?utm_content=&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=DailyHeadlines&utm_source=WC&xid=NL_DHE_2012-11-13&eun=g432148d0r&userid=432148&email=guyandrepelouze@gmail.com&mu_id=5529932

Research Letters |ONLINE FIRST

Body Mass Index vs Cholesterol in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction Models ONLINE FIRST

David Faeh, MD, MPH; Julia Braun, MSc; Matthias Bopp, PhD, MPH

Arch Intern Med. 2012;():1-3. doi:10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.327.

Text Size: A A A

Published online November 2012

Article

Figures

References

Comments

Correspondence: Dr Faeh, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland (david.faeh@uzh.ch)

Published Online: November 12, 2012. doi:10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.327

Salt: try to avoid it just 4 weeks...

http://www.medpagetoday.com/Cardiology/Hypertension/35853?utm_content=&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=DailyHeadlines&utm_source=WC&xid=NL_DHE_2012-11-10&eun=g432148d0r&userid=432148&email=guyandrepelouze@gmail.com&mu_id=5529932

Did Cooking Lead to Bigger Brains?

Live Chat: Did Cooking Lead to Bigger Brains? - ScienceNOW

Intermittent fasting for mice...

Un des credo de la nutrition conventionnelle est le leit motiv: " faites des repas équilibrés et ne sautez pas de repas..." Tout faux!





NA: aliments "normaux" ad libitum, c'est le cas de nombreux d'entre nous car le prix de l'alimentation est très faible dans notre budget et il n'est pas restrictif en terme de quantité
NT: aliments "normaux" dont l'accès est limité dans le temps
FA: idem mais avec une alimentation riche en graisses
FT:  idem mais avec une alimentation riche en graisses.
Faire des repas équilibrés et parfaitement réguliers conduit bien sur à l'obésité dans un contexte d'abondance. Et même avec une alimentation non grasse.
Jeûner est essentiel.
Dans l'alimentation paléo il faut aussi retrouver les sensations de faim et pour cela jeuner. Même une demi journée... Par ailleurs il faut aussi éviter de manger ce dont on na pas envie ou finir son assiette... S'arrêter à la sensation de satiété est essentiel.

Article

Time-Restricted Feeding without Reducing Caloric Intake Prevents Metabolic Diseases in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Megumi Hatori1,
Christopher Vollmers
Amir Zarrinpar,
Luciano DiTacchio
Eric A. Bushong
Shubhroz Gill
Mathias Leblanc
Amandine Chaix
Matthew Joens
James A.J. Fitzpatrick
Mark H. Ellisman
Satchidananda Panda

Pour les patients symptomatiques intolérants aux statines: un anticorps monoclonal

"Plasma proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) binds to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors, promoting their degradation and increasing LDL cholesterol levels. In phase 1 studies, a human monoclonal antibody to PCSK9, AMG145, was well tolerated and reduced LDL cholesterol levels."


http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1389227

Viande

Vous êtes intéressé par des informations sur la viande? La viande rouge est elle carcinogène?
En réalité les process de la production de viande sont de loin plus dangereux que la viande elle même.
Et le process terminal: la cuisson chez vous est probablement le plus facile à éviter...
Quant aux études très ciblées comme celle de PNAS elles ne renseignent que sur des étapes de l'altération du DNA mais sans jamais nous dire si des mécanismes puissants réparent dans certaines conditions ces altérations...
Les études cliniques sont indispensables.
Elles orientent plutôt vers un risque de cancer du colon chez les personnes qui consomment des viandes transformées.
les conseils sont solides: des viandes extensives à l'herbe. Des transformations minimales carpaccio, cuisson à basse température.

The figure shows a zoomed in structure (derived by X-ray crystallography) of a complex between Atl1 and DNA containing 2,6-diaminopurine, an analogue that has the same electrostatic charge characteristics as O6-alkylguanine
Complexité des processus d'altérations du DNA 

http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2012/10/24/1209451109.abstract

http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/13/opinion/the-myth-of-sustainable-meat.html?_r=0

http://grist.org/sustainable-farming/farmer-responds-to-the-new-york-times-re-sustainable-meat/

Vitamin D

http://www.endo-society.org/guidelines/final/upload/final-standalone-vitamin-d-guideline.pdf

Statines, Vitamine D, myalgies

Si vous prenez des statines pour une maladie cardiovasculaire liée à l'athérome symptomatique (sténose carotidienne symptomatique, infactus du myocarde ou angne de poitrine, artérite des membres inférieursavec crampes) et que vous avez des myalgies, dosez votre vitamine D.




1. Ahmed W., Khan N., Glueck C.J. et al. Low serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels ( 32ng/ml) are associated with reversible myositismyalgia in statin-treated patients. Trans. Res. 2009;153:11-16.

2. Thacher T.D., Clarke B.L. Vitamin D insufficiency. Mayo. Clin. Proc. 2011;86:50-60.

http://www.academie-medecine.fr/Upload/vitamines%20D.pdf

Statins and the residual CV risk

In this set of major clinical trials of statins the residual CV risk remains >70%!

Une de mes recettes préférée

http://madame.lefigaro.fr/art-de-vivre/on-mange-quoi-cet-hiver-311012-303104

La Colline du Colombier (éd. du Rouergue), 32 €.

Petit miracle de saveurs concentrées, l’anchois sale et relève les plats d’un coup de baguette magique : ici le bœuf cru, sauce à l’anchois de La Colline du Colombier, une recette de Michel Troisgros.

The continuous debate about milk

http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/human_evolution/2012/10/evolution_of_lactose_tolerance_why_do_humans_keep_drinking_milk.single.html

Le cru et le cuit: a scientific version of Levy Strauss opus

http://www.ina.fr/art-et-culture/litterature/video/I05312383/claude-levi-strauss-a-propos-de-le-cru-et-le-cuit.fr.html

http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2012/10/raw-food-not-enough-to-feed-big-.html

http://umich.academia.edu/JohnDSpeth

http://palimpsestes.fr/textes_philo/levi_strauss/triangle_culinaire.pdf

Neandert(h)als: interesting findings in a Science chat

http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2012/10/live-chat-how-human-were-neander.html

As many of you know, Neandertals or their ancestors appear in Eurasia beginning about 250,000 years ago, while modern humans don't arrive until somewhere around 50,000 years ago--at least according to current evidence.

Neandertals were first discovered in Gibraltar in the 1800s, but researchers didn't know what they were. They only got clued in when specimens were found in the Neander Valley of Germany. Had things turned out differently, they might have been called Gibraltarians instead; but people there say that is just as well.

Comment From Angus   Would Neanderthals consider it important to have recognizable human traits? Do we believe that it benefits them as a species?

Harold L. Dibble:  You know, I sometimes wonder why some people argue so strongly that Neandertals have to be considered to be just like us, as if to say otherwise is some kind of insult to them. Considerting our current condition, and our very uncertain future, I tend to think that pushing our brand of humanity on them could be the bigger insult.

Comment From Beth Skwarecki   What's the current thinking on the Neandertals' diet? Especially how much they hunted vs. ate plant foods. Was their diet likely different from Homo sapiens of the time?

John Speth:  Hi Beth, a topic dear to my heart! Here I recognize that my views as they are evolving may be more than three standard deviations from the current mean, but here goes anyway. Generally bones are what preserve, big bones are more visible and seemingly of more interest to a lot of people, and reflect a long bias in our own traditions. So since Darwin, and probably long before we have seen big-game hunting as what we as humans are all about and it is what largely drove our evolution. But a close look at modern hunter-gatherers like the Hadza and San (Bushmen) suggests that men do most of their big-game hunting at the time when other foods, gathered mostly by women, are at their peak (baobab, mopane worms, various seeds, nuts and fruit, etc.). Also men's hunting is notoriously unreliable, they fail most of the time, the spend inordinate amounts of time tracking, etc, not a very reliable and effective way of provisioning on a per capita daily basis. Social/political dimensions such as "costly signaling" are now being looked at very closely by behavioral ecologists (same for chimpanzees) and it looks increasingly like male hunting of big game is largely underwritten by women and serves social/political functions first and foremost and provisioning second. In many hunter-gatherers, men would do better in return rates and reliability by doing what women did. There's another entire issue with the nitrogen values in Neanderthals, but I better leave that one alone here. There's also alot of work going on now showing from microfossils in Neanderthal teeth that they were indeed exploiting plant foods. We don't know how much.

Neandertals and modern humans shared a common ancestor that probably lived in Africa about 500,000 years ago. But Neandertals evolved from hominins that moved in Europe and Asia, while modern humans from those that stayed in Africa--at least according to the thinking of most researchers.

On the other side of the coin, humans are incredibly adaptable to cold, with the development of brown (shivering) fat, as demonstrated by military studies and the cold tolerance of the hunter-gatherers of Tierra del Fuego.

Is obesity reversible?

http://www.jci.org/articles/view/62543/pdf

DHA and human tissues

Chronic inflammation at the heart of cancer

Decrease chronic inflammation with proper nutrition, improve gut flora and avoid all causes of environmental triggers of CI like tobacco, indoor pollutants.

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v442/n7101/full/nature04808.html


http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature11465.html#/affil-auth

Multivitamins in pill and cancer in man: no effect!

Results of incidence for total, prostate and colo-rectal cancers

Sorry but the mainstream medias are wrong, multivitamins in pill do not reduce mortality... In their paper the authors studied incidence of cancers. Last but not least this study is a RCT!

The difference in men with previous history of cancer is also on incidence of cancers

Funding:
This work was supported by grants
CA 097193, CA 34944, CA 40360, HL 26490, and
HL 34595 from the NIH and an investigator-initiated
grant from BASF Corporation. Study agents and packaging
were provided by BASF Corporation and Pfizer
(formerly Wyeth, American Home Products, and Lederle)
and study packaging was provided by DSM Nutritional
Products Inc (formerly Roche Vitamins).
ARR

http://agemed.org/AMMGejournal/October2012/AskDrDeSilvaOctober2012.aspx


http://jama.jamanetwork.com/data/Journals/JAMA/0/jama.2012.14641.pdf

Coffee: Every one could test this accelerator! But only someones respond

"Another possibility is that the colonic response to coffee could be mediated by exorphines. Both regular and decaffeinated coffee contain exorphines that can bind to opiate receptors. Opiate receptors, both in the brain
and within the gut wall, mediate important effects on colonic motility'0; Sun and his colleages" have shown that opiate receptors are necessary for the colonic response to food." (From Brown infra)

I completely agree that coffee is also an adaptogen through other mechanisms than caffeine effects.


http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/772462?src=mp

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bjs.8885/pdf

http://gut.bmj.com/content/31/4/450.long

High Fructose Corn Syrup in US

The synergistic effect of environmental toxins in autism

http://www.clinicalepigeneticsjournal.com/content/4/1/6

Agriculture and the future of food

Metabolic syndrome overview and details

A great sponsorship of Takeda!

Metabolic homeostasis – an overview

In normal physiology, energy intake and utilization is perfectly balanced with the body’s energy needs. This is referred to as metabolic homeostasis. Upon digestion of food in the gastrointestinal tract, nutrients are sensed by the intestines, the pancreas and the brain. These organs then relay signals to the muscle, liver, fat and back to the brain to develop a proper coordinated response to achieve metabolic homeostasis, including when to end a meal, when to use the digested energy or when to take it up and store it.

Metabolic homeostasis is largely driven by the actions of hormones and neural activity. The pancreatic islets can sense the level of blood glucose levels. When glucose levels are low, such as during an overnight fast, glucagon is released. This hormone acts on the liver to promote hepatic glucose production so that other organs that rely solely on glucose as an energy source, such as the brain and kidney, have enough immediate energy to function properly.

Immediately after a meal, when blood glucose levels spike higher, the pancreas recognizes this occurrence and releases insulin in response. Insulin then acts primarily on the muscle to take up the dietary glucose and store it as glycogen. It also acts on the liver to take up the glucose, converting it into glycogen in that organ as well, though it can also signal so that glucose is converted into lipids. At the same time, insulin turns off endogenous hepatic glucose production. Insulin also acts on adipose tissue to take up excess glucose (what is not scavenged by the muscles and liver) and signals the cell to convert it into fat so it can be stored as an alternative energy supply in that tissue for future use. Likewise, insulin also inhibits lipolysis in the adipose tissue, ensuring further storage of fats. Fats can also come from the diet, where it is released by the gut in the form of chylomicrons. The chylomicrons are broken down by lipases on the surface of liver, muscle, and adipose cells and the liberated fatty acids are taken up by these organs and contributes to the pool of fats in these organs.

A critical tissue in metabolic regulation is the adipose tissue. In addition to being a key depot for energy storage, it is also a key endocrine organ. It releases a number of signaling hormones (referred to generically as adipokines), including leptin and adiponectin. Leptin acts on many different organs, including the brain via effects on food intake, to regulate whole-body metabolism. As leptin levels rise with increasing adiposity it is generally considered a long-term gauge of overall energy supply and thus is more a chronic effector of metabolism, whereas other hormones, such insulin, CCK, ghrelin, etc, are more acute effectors of metabolism. Another key adipokine is adiponectin, which also acts on many tissues to positively regulate whole-body well being. In addition to metabolic hormones the adipose tissue is also a key source of anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory hormones and cytokines.

Another key player in metabolic homeostasis is the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Besides being the site of nutrient absorption, the GI tract also is the source of key hormones that act systemically to promote proper metabolism. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is released from the gut upon a meal and promotes digestion, but also acts on the nervous system to regulate central nutrient sensing as well as satiety. Other gut hormones, such as ghrelin, peptide YY (PYY), and endocannabinoids (ECs), also are released to regulate satiety via central effects. In addition, the gut also secretes incretins, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), which are hormones that stimulate insulin secretion and the potency of its signaling, inhibit glucagon release, and slow the motility of the GI tract, thus delaying the absorption of nutrients. Incretins can act even before the rise in blood glucose levels, so in a sense they prime the system.

In addition to hormones, the gut also hosts a microbiome of intestinal bacteria. Recent studies have shown the importance of this microbiome in maintaining proper metabolic homeostasis. Likewise, the immune system also plays an important role as nutrients, especially lipids, can regulate the activity of this system and affect its interplay with key metabolic organs and tissues.

Finally the brain plays a key role in maintaining proper metabolic homeostasis – both as an effector and a target of regulation. Satiety is composed of two parts: a homeostatic response, mostly regulated by the hypothalamus and nearby nuclei, that ensures that energy intake equals energy needs; and a hedonic response, mostly mediated by higher brain regions, that regulates mood and the pleasure of eating. The brain can also directly sense nutrient levels and act accordingly on the periphery via autonomic regulation. Part of this latter regulation is mediated by a hormonal relay system involving the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis that leads to the release of thyroid hormones. These hormones can act directly on cells to increase basal metabolism by regulating gene activity, but also on the brain to increase peripheral metabolism via central relays of the sympathetic nervous system to the brown adipose tissue.

http://www.nature.com/nm/poster/eposter_full.html

Paleodiet / Paleonutrition en espagnol / in spanish!

http://maelanfontes.com/index.php/mis-publicaciones/refutacion-eroski-consumer

Do you play a genetic russian roulette when you eat Gluten?

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/mu-rgn101012.php

http://www.immusant.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/ImmusanT-Monash-PR-FINAL_10.11.12.pdf

Biased T Cell Receptor Usage Directed against Human Leukocyte Antigen DQ8-Restricted Gliadin Peptides Is Associated with Celiac Disease

 Original Research Article
In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 11 October 2012
Sophie E. Broughton, Jan Petersen, Alex Theodossis, Stephen W. Scally, Khai Lee Loh, Allan Thompson, Jeroen van Bergen, Yvonne Kooy-Winkelaar, Kate N. Henderson, Travis Beddoe, Jason A. Tye-Din, Stuart I. Mannering, Anthony W. Purcell, James McCluskey, Robert P. Anderson, Frits Koning, Hugh H. Reid, Jamie Rossjohn

http://www.theage.com.au/national/education/cereal-offender-20120409-1wkk7.html

Love? No

An awesome paper about chemical conditioning of young males in our societies.


http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-2212529/Addicted-Viagra-They-virile-growing-number-young-men-t-cope-little-blue-pills.html

On the contrary don't use drugs, you can improve your erectile function by diet changes after stopping tobacco!

Cancer prevention: we can!

The deep gap between the potential of prevention and the meager advances of fundamental science in cancer!



http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3343638/pdf/nihms366020.pdf

For stroke prevention go raw on fruits and veggies

Raw and processed fruit and vegetable consumption and 10-year stroke incidence in a population-based cohort study in the Netherlands

LM Oude Griep, W M M Verschuren, D Kromhout, M C Ocké and J M Geleijnse

Abstract

Background/Objectives:

Prospective cohort studies have shown that high fruit and vegetable consumption is related to a lower risk of stroke. Whether food processing affects this association is unknown. We evaluated the associations of raw and processed fruit and vegetable consumption independently from each other with 10-year stroke incidence and stroke subtypes in a prospective population-based cohort study in the Netherlands.

Subjects/Methods:

We used data of 20 069 men and women aged 20–65 years and free of cardiovascular diseases at baseline who were enrolled from 1993 to 1997. Diet was assessed using a validated 178-item food frequency questionnaire. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated for total, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke incidence using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models.

Results:

During a mean follow-up time of 10.3 years, 233 incident stroke cases were documented. Total and processed fruit and vegetable intake were not related to incident stroke. Total stroke incidence was 30% lower for participants with a high intake of raw fruit and vegetables (Q4: >262 g/day; HR: 0.70; 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs): 0.47–1.03) compared with those with a low intake (Q1: 92 g/day) and the trend was borderline significant (P for trend=0.07). Raw vegetable intake was significantly inversely associated with ischemic stroke (>27 vs 27 g/day; HR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.34–0.73), and raw fruit borderline significantly with hemorrhagic stroke (>120 vs 120 g/day; HR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.28–1.01).

Conclusions:

High intake of raw fruit and vegetables may protect against stroke. No association was found between processed fruit and vegetable consumption and incident stroke.

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 65, 791-799 (July 2011) | doi:10.1038/ejcn.2011.36

Results are not so striking for CHD but look at this figure and you will decide by yourself!
" Processing of fruit and vegetables alters their structure and induces significant changes in chemical composition, nutritional value, and bioavailability of bioactive compounds, which may induce different effects on CHD risk. Fruit juices, for example, have a lower content of fiber than raw fruit, but they may be a good source of phytochemicals [9]. Prospective studies that examined intake of citrus fruit juice in relation to risk of CHD [10], and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) [11], respectively, found no association. Vegetables are often cooked before consumption, which induces loss of water-soluble and heat-sensitive bioactive compounds [12], [13]. On the contrary, processing can enhance the availability of bioactive compounds [14]. It has been shown that heat treatment improves the bioavailability of lycopene from tomatoes [15], [16] and carotenoids from carrots [17]. Furthermore, processing could convert folate polyglutamate in vegetables into monoglutamate, which has better bioavailability as well [18], [19]. "
BTW I would like to add that raw F&V are far more efficient than processed ones because processing CONCENTRATE the non hydric fraction of F&V and as you will see above the quantities are similar in weignt... So processing F&V is very deleterious even for the prevention of CHD.

Organic/ Bio: who owns them?

The main interest of consumers is to eat fresh local foods...

Room for improvement: 50 % lost!

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/10/121003082732.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News

Apparently we need to reduce the fruits and veggies we loose during the processes of agriculture and transforming food...

Do we need BPA? No indeed

http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/ehp.1205092.pdf

You need to read this statement by canadian government

http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/nutrition/infant-nourisson/recom/index-eng.php#a3

It's unusual in this blog to emphasize state advice or recos  as generally speaking they are wrong, industry sponsored or old fashioned. This is a good point for Canada!

The myth of genetic obesity

Frankly you think that this epidemy is genetic? You think that it is not a consequence of wealth?

Diabetic patients (D2) and their gut flora

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature11450.html#/affil-auth


http://www.nutraingredients.com/Product-Categories/Probiotics-and-prebiotics/Gut-bacteria-changes-touted-as-a-cause-of-diabetes/?c=Cj6Zsw90SrpXUZaUv3as8Q%3D%3D&utm_source=Newsletter_Product&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Newsletter%2BProduct

Beurre cru chez Leclerc

Trouver du lait cru est très difficile... Pour le beurre cela devient un peu plus facile. Même les supermarchés s'y mettent soit sous forme de motte mais il faut bien demander s'il est cru et maintenat sous forme de pain de 250 ou 125g.
Bravo à Leclerc pour le référencement et en plus ce beurre d'Isigny est très goûteux, assez jaune, onctueux.
On peut ainsi faire des beurres fondus au bain Marie avec du fenouil frais pour un loup au four ou bien de la bière pour un turbot choucroute...
Préférez le beurre cru!
80 % de bonnes graisses et 20% d'eau: qui dit mieux?

Afraid of Hippocampal aging? Exercise!

Mild exercise increases dihydrotestosterone in hippocampus providing evidence for androgenic mediation of neurogenesis

1. Masahiro Okamoto^a, 
2. Yasushi Hojo^b, 
3. Koshiro Inoue^a, 
4. Takashi Matsui^a,
5. Suguru Kawato^b, 
6. Bruce S. McEwen^c,¹, and 
7. Hideaki Soya^a,¹

-Author Affiliations

1. ^aLaboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan;
2. ^bDepartment of Biophysics and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan; and
3. ^cLaboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, New York,NY 10006

1. Contributed by Bruce S. McEwen, June 20, 2012 (sent for review December 10, 2011)

Abstract

Mild exercise activates hippocampal neurons through the glutamatergic pathway and also promotes adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN). We hypothesized that such exercise could enhance local androgen synthesis and cause AHN because hippocampal steroid synthesis is facilitated by activated neurons via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Here we addressed this question using a mild-intense treadmill running model that has been shown to be a potent AHN stimulator. A mass-spectrometric analysis demonstrated that hippocampal dihydrotestosterone increased significantly, whereas testosterone levels did not increase significantly after 2 wk of treadmill running in both orchidectomized (ORX) and sham castrated (Sham) male rats. Furthermore, analysis of mRNA expression for the two isoforms of 5α-reductases (srd5a1, srd5a2) and for androgen receptor (AR) revealed that both increased in the hippocampus after exercise, even in ORX rats. All rats were injected twice with 5′-bromo-2′deoxyuridine (50 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) on the day before training. Mild exercise significantly increased AHN in both ORX and Sham rats. Moreover, the increase of doublecortin or 5′-bromo-2′deoxyuridine/NeuN-positive cells in ORX rats was blocked by s.c. flutamide, an AR antagonist. It was also found that application of an estrogen receptor antagonist, tamoxifen, did not suppress exercise-induced AHN. These results support the hypothesis that, in male animals, mild exercise enhances hippocampal synthesis of dihydrotestosterone and increases AHN via androgenenic mediation.

• neurosteroid
 
• exercise-induced neurogenesis
 
• low intensity exercise
• de novo synthesis
 
• paracrine

Footnotes

• ↵¹To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:mcewen@mail.rockefeller.edu or hsoya@taiiku.tsukuba.ac.jp.